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This technique is established to obtain the data by relating the word to its closest counterparts or its similar context. The other way of checking is to make a search based on the relevant keywords and key phrases and look for the search result....
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My first attempt would to try analysis the problem and resolve them step by step Firstly I would try to see whether it is a new project, and then like to re-check the keywords. Also, I would look for relevant keywords that can be helpful. Even...
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After that, I will remove the previous content from the search engine in order to avoid duplicate content issues. Panda is to improve the search on Google. The latest version has focused on quality content, proper design, proper speed, proper use of images and many more. Penguin is the code name for Google algorithm. Its main target is to decrease the ranking of that website that are violating the Google Webmaster guidelines. These guidelines are violated by using black hat techniques like Cloaking and stuffing.
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Through Backlink Quality Checker you can know who links to your website. To prevent someone from building or redirecting a low-quality link to your site, you can use tools like, Ahrefs Open Site Explorer On regular intervals. You can either request the webmaster to remove the bad link or disavow them. Backlink tools run a series of tests to tell you how many backlinks are pointing to the web link you entered. A link audit may be a tedious and complicated process. If you have just started on building links, you can do an audit quite often. But a complete link audit should be done approximately once a year. Search engines consider Frames as completely different pages and may have a negative impact on SEO. The most important area to include your keywords are, Page title Body text Meta Description 44 What will you do if the search engines ban your website for black hat practices?
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If the search engines ban your website for black hat practices, you can apply for re-inclusion after correcting your wrongdoings. Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn are some important platform which is used for online promotion.
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Do you know about bug leakage and bug release? Answer: Bug release is when software or an application is handed over to the testing team knowing that the defect is present in a release. During this, the priority and severity of the bug are low, as it has to be fixed before the final handover. Bug leakage is something when the bug is discovered by the end users or customer and missed by the testing team to detect while testing the software. Tell us about the best bug of your test career? What always surprises me is that you find so many different kinds of bugs so quickly. It proved that having multiple competencies in the team are a great asset while testing.
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The latest bug hunt I did was conducted on a product application which was already on the market for some time. Still, we found 21 bugs in 7 minutes! And yes even a crash! That is what amazes me. What is your view on acceptance testing, when it is done and who does it? Answer: Acceptance Testing is a software testing checkpoint where a system is tested for acceptability. Formal testing with respect to user needs, requirements, and business processes conducted to determine whether or not a system satisfies the acceptance criteria and to enable the user, customers or other authorized entity to determine whether or not to accept the system.
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Question Set Acceptance Testing is carried out after System Testing and before making the system available for actual use. Internal Acceptance Testing Aka Alpha Testing is done by members of the organization that has produced the software but who are not directly involved in the project Development or Testing. External Acceptance Testing is performed by the product consumers who are not employees of the organization that developed the software. They can be some technical people from the client-side or the actual end users. What is your experience in dealing with your team members, how do you plan it?
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And there are times when you find it very difficult and frustrating while dealing with the team members. There could be arguments, differences, and misunderstandings and some will also try to ignore the others. But my purpose always is to look beyond all of this. I perceive it like we are a team and we should work together to reach a common goal. As a human, it is very important to share feelings and have important discussions, and that is exactly what I intend to do.
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This is something that not only me but everyone else in a working environment should apply. We at TechBeamers. One and only one thing that makes us satisfied is the gratification of our audience. In the end, we would like to conclude by saying all fellow readers who wish to be great QA engineers, leads or managers.
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These 57 solved Software Testing questions will help you prepare for technical interviews and online selection tests conducted during campus placement for freshers and job interviews for professionals. After reading these tricky Software Testing questions, you can easily attempt the objective type and multiple choice type questions on Testing. Describe software review and formal technical review FTR. Software reviews works as a filter for the software process. It helps to uncover errors and defects in software. Software reviews enhance the quality of software. Software reviews refine software, including requirements and design models, code, and testing data. A formal technical review FTR is a software quality control activity. In this activity, software developer and other team members are involved. The objectives of an FTR are: - Uncover the errors.
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The FTR includes walkthroughs and inspections. Each FTR is conducted as a normal meeting. FTR will be successful only if it is properly planned, and executed. What are the attributes of good test case? The following are the attributes of good test case. To find the maximum error, the tester and developer should have complete understanding of the software and attempt to check all the conditions that how the software might fail.
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Every test should have a different purpose from other, otherwise tester will repeat the testing process for same condition. In general, each test should be executed separately. If we combine more than one test into one test case, it might be very difficult to execute. Sometimes we can combine tests but it may hide some errors. Describe cyclomatic complexity with example. Cyclomatic complexity is a software metric that measure the logical strength of the program.
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It was developed by Thomas J. Cyclomatic complexity is calculated by using the control flow graph of the program. In the flow graph, nodes are represented by circle. Areas bounded by edges and nodes are called regions. When counting regions, we also include the area outside the graph as a region. Complexity is computed in one of three ways: The total number of regions of the flow graph. Note: Nodes that contain a condition is called a predicate node and is characterized by two or more edges originating from it.
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Find out the Cyclomatic complexity V G of the given flow graph. In the above flow graph there are total 9 nodes, 11 edges, and 4 regions. The flow graph has four regions. Describe Condition testing in brief. Condition testing works on logical conditions contained in a program module. A simple condition is a Boolean variable or a relational expression. Explain Structure-based testing techniques. Explain component testing. What are decision tables? Whyy do we use them? Explain exploratory testing. However, this does not imply that other more formal testing techniques will not be used. Re-testing: - It means testing a single defect that was just fixed. Only one test is performed here. List the pre-requisites for white-box testing The pre-requisites for white-box testing are similar to that of black-box testing with one major difference: During white-box testing, the testers have access to the application logic.
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The tester should ask for access to detailed functional specs and requirements, design documents both high-level and detailed , and source code. The tester analyzes the source code and prepares functional tests to ensure that the application behaves in compliance with both the requirements and the specs. How do drivers and stubs relate to manual testing? Explain the following. Stress testing: - It checks the robustness of application. This includes - heavy user traffic, heavy process loads, irregular hardware clocking, and heavy utilization of resources. Sanity testing: - Sanity testing is used to ensure that multiple or conflicting functions or variables do not exist in the system.
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Smoke testing: - Smoke testing covers all of the basic functionality of the application. Compatibility testing: - It is a non-functional test performed on a software system or component for checking its compatibility with the other parts in the computing environment. Integration testing: - This test is performed to verify the interfaces between system components, interactions between the application and the hardware, file system, and other software.
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Code Coverage: - This is an analysis method which determines which parts of the software have already been covered by the test case suite and which are remaining. Code Inspection: - A formal testing technique where the programmer reviews source code with a group who ask questions analyzing the program logic, analyzing the code with respect to a checklist of historically common programming errors, and analyzing its compliance with coding standards. What do you mean by following? Test Script : - It is usually used to refer to the instructions for a particular test that will be carried out by an automated test tool. Test Specification: - This is a document specifying the test approach for a software feature or combination or features and the inputs, predicted results and execution conditions for the associated tests. Test Suite: - This is a collection of tests which are used to validate the behavior of an application or product.
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Differentiate between QA and testing. What are 5 common problems in the software development process? Bad requirements - these requirements are unclear, incomplete, too general, or not testable. They cause problems. Unrealistic schedule - expecting too much result in too less time. Inadequate testing - lack of testing causes problem as no one knows if the system will behave as expected.
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Adding new features - after development; quite common. Poor communication - within the team or with the customer. What qualities would you look for while hiring a test engineer? What do you mean by "Software Quality"? Quality software means, it is : - Free of bugs.
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List out the roles of Quality Assurance engineer? Answer: A software quality assurance engineer usually involves the following tasks. QA Team is responsible to monitor the entire development process. They are responsible to track the outcomes of each phase of SDLC and adjust them to meet the expectation. They are responsible to read and understand the required documents. Analyze test requirements, and design and execute tests. Develop test cases and prioritize testing activities. Carry out regression testing every time when changes are made to the code to fix defects. Have to interact with the clients to better understand the product requirements. Participate in walkthroughs of testing procedures. What is a Test Plan and what does it include? Answer: Test plan document is a document which contains the plan for all the testing activities to be done to deliver a quality product.
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It is usually prepared by the Test Lead or Test Manager and the focus of the document is to describe what to test, what not to test, how to test when to test and who will do what test. Also, it includes the environment and tools needed, resource allocation, test technique to be followed, risks and contingencies plan. A test plan is a dynamic document and we should always keep it up-to-date. Test plan document guides us on how the testing activity should go on. The success of the testing project completely depends on the Test Plan. What is a Test case template? Answer: A test case template is a document comes under one of the test artifacts, which allows testers to develop the test cases for a particular test scenario in order to verify whether the features of an application are working as intended or not. Test cases are the set of positive and negative executable steps of a test scenario which has a set of pre-conditions, test data, expected result, post-conditions, and actual results.
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What are the key components of a bug report? Answer: A bug report is aka defect report, it conveys the detailed information such as environment details, steps to reproduce, etc. It allows developers to replicate the bug easily. What are bug leakage and bug release? Answer: Bug Leakage: A bug which is actually missed by the testing team while testing and the build was released to the Production. If now that bug which was missed by the testing team was found by the end-user or customer then we call it as Bug Leakage.
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Bug release: Releasing the software to the Production with some known bugs then we call it as Bug Release. These known bugs should be included in the release note. In another case, releasing the software to the testing team with some known bugs whose severity and priority is low. These bugs can be removed before releasing to production. Tell me some key points to consider while writing a bug report. Answer: i. Reproduce the bug times. Use some keywords related to your bug and search in the Defect Tracking Tool. Check-in similar modules. Report the problem immediately. Write detailed steps to reproduce the bug. Write a good defect summary. Watch your language in the process of writing the bug report, your words should not offend people. Never use capital letter whilst explaining the issue. Advisable to Illustrate the issue by using proper screenshots. Proofread your bug report twice or thrice before posting it. What is the difference between build and release?
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Answer: Build: A build is a version of the software. Every build has a number for identification purpose. The build is a pre-release version of a Release. The build is given to the testing team by developers to test the application locally. Build numbers are incremental. Release: A release is the distribution of the final version of an application to the customer by a software development team. Answer: Here are the two principal reasons that make it impossible to test a program entirely. Software specifications can be subjective and can lead to different interpretations. A software program may require too many inputs, too many outputs, and too many path combinations to test. Answer: The difference between coupling and cohesion is as follows: Cohesion is the degree which measures the dependency of the software component that combines related functionality into a single unit whereas coupling represents the binding of related functionality into a different unit.
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Cohesion deals with the functionality that relates to different process within a single module whereas coupling deals with how much one module is dependent on the other modules within the product. It is a good practice to increase the cohesion between the software whereas coupling is discouraged Why Does Software Have Bugs?
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Black box testing does not need the implementation knowledge of a program. Gray box testing knows the limited knowledge of an internal program. In white box testing, implementation details of a program are fully required. It has a low granularity. It has a medium granularity. It has a high granularity. It is also known as opaque box testing, closed box testing, input-output testing, data-driven testing, behavioral testing and functional testing. It is also known as translucent testing. It is also known as glass box testing, clear box testing. It is a user acceptance testing, i. It is also a user acceptance testing. Testers and programmers mainly do it.
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Test cases are made by the functional specifications as internal details are not known. Test cases are made by the internal details of a program. Designing tests early in the life cycle prevent defects from being in the main code. There are three types of defects: Wrong, missing, and extra. Wrong: These defects are occurred due to requirements have been implemented incorrectly. Missing: It is used to specify the missing things, i. Extra: This is an extra facility incorporated into the product that was not given by the end customer. It is always a variance from the specification but may be an attribute that was desired by the customer. However, it is considered as a defect because of the variance from the user requirements. Simultaneous test design and execution against an application is called exploratory testing. In this testing, the tester uses his domain knowledge and testing experience to predict where and under what conditions the system might behave unexpectedly.
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Exploratory testing is performed as a final check before the software is released. It is a complementary activity to automated regression testing. It helps you to prevent defects in the code. The risk-based testing is a testing strategy that is based on prioritizing tests by risks. It is based on a detailed risk analysis approach which categorizes the risks by their priority. Highest priority risks are resolved first. It also validates whether the software follows a set of agreed acceptance criteria. In this level, the system is tested for the user acceptability. Types of acceptance testing are: User acceptance testing: It is also known as end-user testing. This type of testing is performed after the product is tested by the testers. The user acceptance testing is testing performed concerning the user needs, requirements, and business processes to determine whether the system satisfies the acceptance criteria or not.
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Operational acceptance testing: An operational acceptance testing is performed before the product is released in the market. But, it is performed after the user acceptance testing. Contract and regulation acceptance testing: In the case of contract acceptance testing, the system is tested against certain criteria and the criteria are made in a contract. In the case of regulation acceptance testing, the software application is checked whether it meets the government regulations or not. Alpha and beta testing: Alpha testing is performed in the development environment before it is released to the customer. Input is taken from the alpha testers, and then the developer fixes the bug to improve the quality of a product.
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Unlike alpha testing, beta testing is performed in the customer environment. Customer performs the testing and provides the feedback, which is then implemented to improve the quality of a product. Accessibility testing is used to verify whether a software product is accessible to the people having disabilities deaf, blind, mentally disabled etc. Ad-hoc testing is a testing phase where the tester tries to 'break' the system by randomly trying the system's functionality. Agile testing is a testing practice that uses agile methodologies i. Application Programming Interface is a formalized set of software calls and routines that can be referenced by an application program to access supporting system or network services. Testing by using software tools which execute test without manual intervention is known as automated testing. The Bottom-up testing is a testing approach which follows integration testing where the lowest level components are tested first, after that the higher level components are tested.
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The process is repeated until the testing of the top-level component. In Baseline testing, a set of tests is run to capture performance information. Baseline testing improves the performance and capabilities of the application by using the information collected and make the changes in the application. Baseline compares the present performance of the application with its previous performance. Benchmarking testing is the process of comparing application performance with respect to the industry standard given by some other organization. It is a standard testing which specifies where our application stands with respect to others. There are two types of testing which are very important for web testing: Performance testing: Performance testing is a testing technique in which quality attributes of a system are measured such as responsiveness, speed under different load conditions and scalability.
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The performance testing describes which attributes need to be improved before the product is released in the market. Security testing: Security testing is a testing technique which determines that the data and resources be saved from the intruders. The difference between a web application and desktop application is that a web application is open to the world with potentially many users accessing the application simultaneously at various times, so load testing and stress testing are important.
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Web applications are also prone to all forms of attacks, mostly DDOS, so security testing is also very important in the case of web applications. Difference between verification and validation: Verification.
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What is mean by Performance testing? What will you do when you find a Defect in the product that you are Testing? What is Negative Testing? Difference between usecase and test case? Differences between manual testing and automation testing? In software testing how we make a test case for paintbrush? It feels these above tests are necessary. What is the main difference between Manual and Automation Testing? Give some good Examples? How can we use in Testing? How to write usecases? Can I have any usecase template? When ur going to start test execution? What is the Use of it? What is the difference between Database testing and Backend testing what is interface to pass a sql query why you want to become tester What is defect masking?
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Software Testing Interview Questions And Answers For Freshers Pdf
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